Celtic Languages Compared

Comparative word list for Celtic languages including Irish, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, Breton, and more.

Languages in this glossary

Irish Gaelic | Scots Gaelic | Manx | Welsh | Cornish | Breton

eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
air aer aer àile aer awyr ayr aer air
and agus agus agus as a ha ha and
angel aingeal aingeal aingeal ainle angel el ael angel
animal ainmhí; beithíoch ainṁí; beiṫíoċ beathach baagh anifail myl loen; aneval animal
ant seangán seangán seangan sniengan morgrugyn muryonenn merienenn ant
apple úll úll ubhal ooyl afal aval aval apple
arm géag géag gàirdean eillaghey braich bregh brec’h arm
arrow saighead saiġead saighead side saeth seth saezh arrow
ash(es) luaith luaiṫ luaithre leoie lludw lusow ludu ash(es)
autumn; fall fómhar fóṁar foghar fouyr hydref kynyaf diskar-amzer autumn; fall
axe tua tua tuagh teigh bwyall bol bouc’hal axe
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
barley eorna eorna eòrna oarn haidd heth heiz barley
bear béar béar mathan bear arth ors arzh bear
beard feasóg feasóg feusag faasaag barf barf barv beard
bed leaba leaba leapaidh; cùba lhiabbee gwely gweli gwele bed
bee beach beaċ seillean shellan gwenynen gwenenen gwenanenn bee
beer beoir; leann beoir; leann leann beer; lhune cwrw coref bier beer
big mór mór mór mooar mawr bras bras big
bird éan éan eun ushag aderyn edhen labous; evn bird
black dubh duḃ dubh doo du du du black
blood fuil; cró fuil; cró fuil fuill gwaed goes gwad blood
blue gorm gorm gorm gorrym glas glas glas blue
boat bád bád bàta baatey cwch; bad skath bag boat
body corp corp corp corp corff korf korf body
bone cnámh cnáṁ cnaimh craue asgwrn askorn askorn bone
book leabhar leaḃar leabhar lioar llyfr lyver levr book
bread arán arán aran arran bara bara bara bread
bridge droichead droiċead drochaid droghad pont pons pont bridge
brother deartháir; bráthair dearṫáir; bráṫair brathair braar brawd broder breur brother
brown donn donn donn dhoan brown; llwyd owr rousdu brown
bull tarbh tarḃ tarbh tarroo tarw tarow tarv bull
butterfly féileacán féileacán seillean-dé foillycan glöyn byw tegenn Dyw balafenn butterfly
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
camel camall camall càmhal camyl camel   kañval camel
candle coinneal coinneal coinneal cainle cannwyll kantol kantol candle
cat cat cat cat kayt cath kath kazh cat
cheek leiceann leiceann gruaidh; lethcheann gruaie; lieckan grudd; boch bogh jod; boc’h cheek
cheese cáis cáis càise caashey caws keus keuz; fourmaj cheese
cherry silín silín siris(t) shillish ceiriosen keresen kerezenn cherry
child páiste; leanbh páiste; leanḃ leanabh lhiannoo plentyn flogh bugel child
chin smig smig smiogaid smeg gên elgeth elgezh chin
city; town cathair caṫair baile mór caayr dinas tre keoded; kêr city; town
cloud scamall; néal scamall; néal neul; sgòth bodjal cwmwl kommol koumoulenn cloud
coal gual gual gual geayl glo kol glaou coal
coffee caife caife cofaidh caffee coffi koffi kafe coffee
copper copar copar copar cobbyr copr kober kouevr copper
cotton cadás; cotún cadás; cotún canach; cotan cadee cotwm   kotoñs cotton
cow bó bó bò bwoirrinagh buwch bugh buoc’h cow
crow glao glao feannag; ròcais craue; fannag brân bran bran crow
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
daughter iníon iníon nighean ’neen merch myrgh merc’h daughter
day lá lá latha laa dydd dydh deiz day
death bás; éag bás; éag bàs baase angau; marw marow marv death
desert fásach fásaċ fàsach faasagh diffeithwch dysert dezerzh; gouelec’h desert
dictionary foclóir foclóir faclair fockleyr geiriadur gerlyver geriadur dictionary
dog madra; cú madra; cú cù moddey; coo ci ki ki dog
donkey; ass asal asal asal assyl asyn; donci asen azen donkey; ass
drop braon braon boinne bine dafn; defnyn bera takenn drop
duck lacha laċa lach laagh hwyaden hos houad duck
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
eagle iolar; fiolar iolar; fiolar iolair urley eryr er erer eagle
ear cluas cluas cluas cleaysh clust skovarn skouarn ear
egg ubh uḃ ugh ooh ŵy oy ui egg
elephant eilifint eilifint ailbhean elefant eliffant olyfans olifant elephant
enemy namhaid naṁaid nàmhaid noid gelyn envi enebour enemy
evening tráthnóna tráṫnóna feasgar fastyr noswaith gorthugher abardaez evening
eye súil súil suil sooill llygad lagas lagad eye
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
face aghaidh aġaiḋ aghaidh eddin wyneb enep dremm face
family teaghlach; muintir teaġlaċ; muintir teaghlach kynney teulu teylu familh family
father athair aṫair athair ayr tad tas tad father
fear eagla eagla eagal aggle ofn own aon fear
finger méar méar corrag; meur mair bys bys biz finger
fire tine tine teine aile tân tan tan fire
fish iasc iasc iasg eeast pysgodyn pysk pesk fish
flea dreancaid dreancaid deargad jargan chwannen   c’hwennenn flea
flour plúr plúr flùr; min flooyr blawd bles bleud flour
flower bláth bláṫ flùr blaa blodyn bleujenn bleunienn flower
foot troigh troiġ cas cass troed tros troad foot
forest; wood coill; foraois coill; foraois coille keyll coedwig; fforest koes koad; forest forest; wood
fox madra rua madra rua madadh-ruadh; sionnach shynnagh cadno lowarn louarn fox
friend cara cara caraid carrey cyfaill koweth keneil friend
frog frog; loscán frog; loscán losgann rannag llyffant kwilkyn ran frog
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
garden garraí garraí gàradh garey gardd lowarth liorzh; jardin garden
goat gabhar gaḃar gobhar goayr gafr gavar gavr goat
god dia dia dia jee duw dew doue god
gold ór ór òr airh; oar aur owr aour gold
goose gé gé geadh guiy gŵydd goedh gwaz goose
green uaine; glas uaine; glas uaine; gorm eayney; glass gwyrdd; glas gwyr; glas gwer; glaz green
guest aoi aoi aoigh aoi; goaldagh gwestai ostelyow ostizh; kouviad guest
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
hair gruaig; folt gruaig; folt falt folt; gruag blew; gwallt blew blev hair
hand lámh láṁ làmh laue llaw luf dorn hand
head ceann ceann ceann kione pen penn penn head
heart croí croí cridhe cree calon   kalon heart
hen cearc cearc cearc kiark iâr yar yar hen
honey mil mil mil mill mêl mel mel honey
horse capall; each capall; eaċ each cabbyl march; ceffyl margh marc’h; kazeg horse
hour uair uair uair oor awr owr eur hour
house teach teaċ taigh thie tŷ chi ti house
human being duine duine duine dooinney dyn den den human being
hunger ocras ocras acras accrys newyn nown naon hunger
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
I mé mé mi mee mi my me I
ice oighear oiġear deigh rio iâ rew skorn ice
iron iarann iarann iarann yiarn haearn horn houarn iron
island oileán; inis oileán; inis eilean ellan; innis ynys ynys enez island
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
key eochair eoċair iuchair çhiooney allwedd alwhedh alc’hwez key
kidney duán duán dubhag aarey aren   lounezh kidney
king rí rí righ ree brenin myghtern roue king
kitchen cistin cistin cidsin aunlyn cegin kegin kegin kitchen
knee glúin glúin glùin glioon glin glyn glin knee
knife scian scian sgian skynn cyllell kollel kontell knife
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
lake loch loċ loch logh llyn lyn lenn lake
lamb uan uan uan eayn oen on oan lamb
language teanga teanga cànain chengey iaith yeth yezh language
leg cos cos cas cass coes garr gar leg
letter (alphabet) litir litir litir lettyr llythyren lyther lizerenn letter (alphabet)
letter (mail) litir litir litir screeuyn llythyr lyther lizer letter (mail)
life beatha beaṫa beatha bea bywyd bywnans buhez life
lion leon leon leomhann leion llew lew leon lion
lip beol; liopa beol; liopa bile meill gwefus gweus gweuz lip
louse míol míol mial meeyl lleuen   laouenn louse
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
man fear fear fear fer gŵr gour gour man
meat feoil feoil feòil feill cig kig kig meat
middle lár; meán lár; meán meadhon mean canol kres kreiz middle
milk bainne bainne bainne bainney llaeth leth laezh milk
minute nóiméad nóiméad mionaid minnid munud mynysen munutenn minute
mirror scáthán scáṫán sgàthan scaane drych gweder; myras melezour mirror
money airgead airgead airgiod argid arian arghans; mona arc’hant money
monkey; ape moncaí; ápa moncaí; ápa muncaidh apag mwnci appa marmouz monkey; ape
month mí mí mios mee mis mis miz month
mother máthair máṫair màthair moir mam mamm mamm mother
mountain sliabh sliaḃ beinn beinn; slieau mynydd menydh menez mountain
mouse luch luċ luch lugh llygoden logosenn logodenn mouse
mouth béal béal beul beeal genau ganow genou mouth
music ceol ceol ceòl kiaull miwsig; cerdd ilow muzik music
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
name ainm ainm ainm enmys enw hanow anv name
nature nádúr nádúr nàdur najoor anian; natur natur natur nature
needle snáthaid snáṫaid snathad snaid nodwydd najeth nadoz needle
neighbo(u)r comharsa coṁarsa nàbaidh naboo cymydog kentrevak amezeg neighbo(u)r
new nua nua nuadh noa newydd nowydh nevez new
night oíche oíċe oidhche oie nos nos noz night
nose srón srón sròn stroin trwyn troen fri nose
number nimhir niṁir aireamh earroo rhif nyver niverenn number
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
oil ola ola ola ooill olew oyl eoul oil
old (not new) seanda seanda sean(n) shenn hen koth kozh old (not new)
old (not young) aosta aosta sean(n) shenn hen koth kozh old (not young)
olive ológ ológ olbh olive olewydden olyfesen olivezenn olive
onion oinniún oinniún siobaid unnish wynwynyn onyonen ognonenn onion
or nó; ná nó; ná no ny neu po pe or
owl ulchabhán ulċaḃán comhachag hullad tylluan; gwdihŵ   kaouenn owl
ox damh daṁ damh dow ych eal ejenn ox
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
page leathanach leaṫanaċ duilleag cheu tudalen folen pajenn page
pain pian pian pian guinn poen galar poan pain
paper páipéar páipéar paipear pabyr papur paper paper paper
pea pis pis peasair pishyr pysen pysen pizenn pea
peace síocháin síoċáin sìth shee heddwch kres peoc’h peace
peach péitseog péitseog peitseag peitshag eirinen wlanog aval gwlanek pechezenn peach
pear piorra piorra peur peear gellygen; peren peren perenn pear
people pobal pobal muinntir; sluagh pobble; sleih pobl pobel pobl people
pepper piobar piobar peabar pibbyr pupur peber pebr pepper
petroleum; oil peitriliam peitriliam peatrol ooill ny greg petroliwm   naft; eoul-douar petroleum; oil
pig muc muc muc muck mochyn hogh pemoc’h pig
pigeon; dove colúr; colm colúr; colm calman calmane colomen colomen pichon; dube pigeon; dove
planet pláinéad pláinéad planaid planaid planed planet planedenn planet
plum pluma pluma plumas plumbis eirinen plumen prunenn plum
poison nimh niṁ puinsean nieu; pyshoon gwenwyn gwenyn poezon poison
potato práta práta buntàta praase taten; pytaten aval-dor; patata aval-douar; patatezenn potato
prayer paidir; urnaí paidir; urnaí ùrnuigh padjer gweddi pysadow pedenn prayer
prophet fáidh fáiḋ fàidh fadeyr proffwyd profus profed prophet
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
question ceist ceist ceist feysht; keisht gofyniad govyn goulenn question
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
rain fearthainn; báisteach fearṫainn; báisteaċ uisge fliaghey glaw glaw glav rain
red dearg; rua dearg; rua dearg; ruadh jiargey; ruy coch; rhudd rudh ruz red
religion reiligiún; creideamh reiligiún; creideaṁ creideamh craueeaght crefydd kryjyans relijion; kredenn religion
river abhainn aḃainn abhainn awin afon avon stêr river
road bóthar bóṫar rathad bayr; raad ffordd fordh hent road
rock carraig carraig sgòrr carrick craig karrek roc’h; karreg rock
roof díon díon cleith clea to to toenn roof
room seomra seomra rùm; seòmar shamyr ystafell stevell kambr room
rose rós rós ròs rose-uinnag rhosyn   rozenn rose
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
salt salann salann salann sailjey halen holan holen salt
sand gaineamh gaineaṁ gainmheach geinnee tywod tewes traezh sand
school scoil scoil sgoil schoill ysgol skol skol school
sea muir muir muir marrey môr mor mor sea
season séasúr; ionú séasúr; ionú ràith imbagh tymor   amzer season
second soicind soicind diog shallid eiliad   segondenn; eilenn second
sheep caora caora caora keyrrey dafad davas dañvad sheep
ship long long long lhong llong gorhol lestr ship
silk síoda síoda sioda sheeidey sidan   seiz silk
silver airgead airgead airgiod argid arian arhans arc’hant silver
sister deirfiúr deirfiúr piuthar shuyr chwaer whor c’hoar sister
sky spéir spéir speur speyr wybren ebrenn oabl sky
snake nathair naṫair nathair aarnieu neidr; sarff gorthfyl naer snake
snow sneachta sneaċta sneachda sniaghtey eira ergh erc’h snow
soap gallúnach; sópa gallúnaċ; sópa siabun sheeabin sebon seban soavon soap
son mac mac mac mac mab mab mab son
spider damhán alla daṁán alla damhan-allaidh doo-oallee corryn kefnysen kevnidenn spider
spoon spúnóg spúnóg spàin spein llwy lo loa spoon
spring(time) earrach earraċ earrach arragh gwanwyn gwaynten nevez-amzer spring(time)
star réalta réalta reul rolt seren steren steredenn star
steel cruach cruaċ cruadhach staillin dur   dir steel
stone cloch cloċ clach clagh carreg; maen men maen stone
storm stoirm; anfa stoirm; anfa doinneann; gaileann sterrym (y)storm; tymestl hager awel gwall-amzer storm
street sráid sráid sràid straid heol; ystryd stret ru; straed street
sugar siúcra siúcra siùcar shugyr siwgr sugra sukr sugar
summer samhradh saṁraḋ samhradh sourey haf haf hañv summer
swan eala eala eala olla alarch alargh alarc’h swan
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
table bord bord bòrd boayrd bwrdd moes taol table
tea tae tae tì tey te te te tea
tiger tíogar tíogar tìgeir teigyr teigr   tigr tiger
time am am am am amser amser amzer time
tobacco tobac tobac tombaca tombagey tybaco bacca butun tobacco
today inniu inniu an diugh jiu heddiw hedhyu hiziv; hiriv today
tomato tráta tráta tomato traase tomato avall kerensa tomatezenn tomato
tomorrow amárach amáraċ am maireach mairagh yfory avorow warc’hoaz tomorrow
tongue teanga teanga teanga chengey tafod tavas teod tongue
tooth fiacail; déad fiacail; déad fiacail feeackle dant dans dant tooth
tower túr túr tùr toor tŵr tour tour tower
tree crann crann craobh billey pren gwydhenn gwezenn tree
truth fírinne fírinne firinn firrin gwir gwyryoneth gwirionez truth
tulip tiúilip tiúilip tuiliop tulip tiwlip tulyfant tulipenn tulip
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
valley gleann gleann gleann glion dyffryn; glyn nans traoñienn valley
village gráig; baile gráig; baile baile beag balley beg pentref pendra kêr village
vinegar fínéagar fínéagar binigear feeyn geayr finegr aysel gwinegr vinegar
voice guth guṫ guth coraa llais lev mouezh voice
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
wall balla balla balla boalley mur; gwal fos moger; mur wall
war cogadh cogaḋ cogadh caggey rhyfel bresel brezel war
water uisce uisce uisge ushtey dwfr dowr dour water
we sinn(e) sinn(e) sinn(e) shin(yn) ni ny ni we
weather aimsir aimsir aimsir emshir tywydd kewer amzer weather
week seachtain seaċtain seachdain shiaghtin wythnos seythun sizhun week
wheat cruithneacht cruiṫneaċt cruithneachd curnaght gwenith gwaneth gwinizh wheat
white bán; geal bán; geal bàn; geal bane; gial gwyn gwynn gwenn white
wind gaoth gaoṫ gaoth geay gwynt gwyns avel wind
window fuinneog fuinneog uinneag uinnag ffenest fenester prenest window
wine fíon fíon fion feeyn gwin gwin gwin wine
wing sciathán sciaṫán sgiath skian adain askel askell wing
winter geimhreadh geiṁreaḋ geamhradh geurey gaeaf gwaf goañv winter
wolf mactíre mactíre madadh-allaidh moddey oaldey blaidd blyth bleiz wolf
woman bean bean bean ben dynes; wraig benyn maouez woman
wool olann olann clòimh ollan gwlân gwlan gloan wool
word focal focal briathar; facal fockle gair ger ger word
world saol saol saoghal seihll byd bys bed world
worm péist péist baoiteag beisht pryf kenakogas preñv worm
eng gle gle-Latg gla glv cym cor bre eng
year bliain bliain bliadhna blein blwyddyn blydhen bloaz year
yellow buí buí buidhe buigh melyn melyn melen yellow
yesterday inné inné an dé jea doe de dec’h yesterday
young óg óg òg aeg ifanc yowynk yaouank young